Friction draft-bigging foe



Patented Aug. 1, 1916.

2 SHEETS- SHEET Il'v C. J. NASH.

AFPLICATIQN FILED FEB. l0. 1908.

FRICTION DRAFT RIGGING FOR RA'ILWAY CARS.

IIII'IIII.

WITNESSES.' l i/3 Md C. I. NASH.

, FRICTIO'N DRAFT RIGGING FOR RAILWAY CARS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. I0. 1908. 1,193,41 l.. Patented Augd, 19g@ 2SHEETS-SHEET 2- @i w f N lq W v Zar/elsJ/I/s CHARLES J". NASH, OFCHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO WILLIAM H. MINER,OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

i FRICTION DRAFT-RIGGING FOR RAILVJAY-GARS.

To all whom, 'Zt may concern Be it known'that l, CHARLES J. NASH, acitizen of the United States, residing in Chicago, in the county of Cookand State of 5 Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement inFriction Draft-Rigging for Railway-Cars, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to improvements in lo friction draft 4rigging forrailway cars.

Heretofore with the friction draft rigging commonly in use, greatpractical diiiiculty is experienced froml the friction surfaces of thefriction devices unduly cutting and Wearing ,5 each other, and thepractical'operation of such devices is also rendered uncertain, unsafeand unreliable, because of the great variations that occur in thefrictional resistance produced by the friction devices at differenttimes and by different friction draft riggings of precisely the sameshape and construction, apparently owing to different conditions of thecast or other metal parts composing the structure.

The object of my invention is to provide a friction draft rigging thatwill obviate the difficulties and objections heretofore experienced, andin which the friction devices will neither on the one hand unduly wear,nor onv l@ the other hand, fail to produce the proper amount offrictional resistance, and this with certainty, uniformity andreliability.

I have discovered that this object or result may be practicallyaccomplished, and herein 5 my inventionconsists by constructing thefriction shell of the draft rigging of malleable iron, and combiningwith it friction blocks of cast steel, preferably a low carbon caststeel, the friction surfaces of which are hardened by application to thefriction suril tion blocks or between them and a wedge or spreaderdevice interposed between the friction blocks may be of spring steel,tempered or hardened by immersion while at a. high or cherry-redtemperature in a hardening or 5 tempering liquid, preferably oil. Thesur- Specificaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. i, 1916.

Application filed February 10,- 1908. Serial No. 415,020.

faces of the cast steel wedge which Contact with the anti-frictionrollers and the inclined faces of the friction blocks which contact withthe anti-friction rollers are cyanid hardened, the same as the frictionsurfaces of the cast steel friction blocks.

' Inthe accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification, Ihave, to enable my invention tobe more readily understood, illustratedit as applied to two different forms of friction draft rigging 5 Figuresl to 6 showing itl as applied to a friction draft rigging in which awedge is employed between the friction blocks within the friction shell,and Figs. to l0 showing it as applied to a friction draft rigging Wherethe antifriction roller is interposed directly between the frictionblocks.

In the drawing, Fig. 1 is a side elevation partly in vertical section ofa frlction draft rlgging embodying my lnvention. Fig; 2 is Va crosssection on the broken line 2-2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a detail central,vertical,

. longitudinal section of the wedge and of the anti-friction rollers.Fig. 4 is a detail section on line 4-4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a. detail,longitudinal vertical section of one of the friction blocks, taken online 5-5 of Fig. 6. Fig. 6 is a detail section on line 6 6 of Fig. 5.Fig. 7 is a side elevation, partly in vertical section showing amodified construction. Fig. 8 is a section on the broken line 8 8 ofFig. 7. Fig. 9 is a detail plan view of one of the friction blocks andFig. 10 is a section on line l0l0 of Fig. 9.

In the drawing, A represents the center sills or other frame pieces ofthe carto which the draft rigging is applied, B the draw-bar, B1 theyoke, C a longitudinally arranged direct acting draft rigging spring, E,E, the followers, F a malleable iron longitudinally movable frictionshell, preferably in cylindrical form and having a'longitudinally eX-vtending cylindrical interior friction face G Gr are cast steellongitudinally movable friction blocks within the shell F and havingcyanid hardened longitudinallyA extending exterior friction faces g g insliding frictional engagement with the interior friction faces of thefriction shell F, and each having a wedging or inclined cyanid hardenedantifriction roller bearing face g1 furnished with. shoulders g2 tolimit the travel. of the roller Hl thereon which is interposedbetweenthe v'same and the Wedge or spreader block G1.

Aac

. oil.

or stop castings M, and thus also keeping the v- The wedge or spreaderblock G1 which is interposed between the front follower' and thefriction blocksis of cast steel and has cyanld steel, hardenedandtempered, as indicated at 71, in the drawing, by immersing them -when ata high or cherry red temperature 1n a hardening or'tempering liquid,preferably This .construction of the anti-friction rollers preventsfragility or liability of frac-` ture` and renders them hard and durableand 'gi-ves' them a slight degree of elasticity, enabling .them tobetter conform to the 1nshell F, its heads or ends 1 fitting in longi-Atudina-l grooves orl ways m in the side plates friction shell itself f'rlom turning. The fric,- tion blocks have shoulders g5 at their rearends to engage`tli1\ sp1n or rivet /and l1m1t their outwardmovel'n'entin respect to the shell and thus hold the spring and otherparts within .the shell in, assembled position or removmg.

for convenience in applying the draftr rigging from the car.

In the modificatlonl illustrated in Figsi 7 to 10, the construction iissubstantially thel same, excepting that the wedge G1 is omitted and buta single anti-friction roller is-employed, the same being interposeddirectly between the inclined or wedging faces of the friction blocks. i

To lighten the friction blocks and th wedge, the same yare preferablyinteriorly cored as illustrated in the drawings.

' My experiments have demonstrated that by combining with a malleableiron friction shell, cast steel friction blocks having their frictionfaces and also their roller bearing faces cyanid hardened, the frictiondevices are rendered very durable, While at the same time a high degreeof frictional resistance is produced, and this with certainty,uniformity and reliability of action. My experiments have also shownthat itl is essential that the friction blocks should be made of caststeel, as the same results are not produced b v employing frictionblocks of forgedv blocks or the friction shell.

tion and produces a very different result from'forged steel or any othermetal that I have similarly' treated and experimented with in thisfrictiondraft riggingcombination.

In my invention, the interior body portion of each' friction block beingof soft steel, while the exterior friction face layer thereof is ofcyanid hardened steel and the exterior wedge face layer also of cyanidhardened steel, the friction block is adapted to successfully.withstandwithout danger of fracture or other injury,`the heavy pressures vandblows to Vwhich it is subjected from its tangential contactwith theantifriction roller which is acted upon by the wedge which multipliesand imparts to the Y friction block through the anti-'friction l rollerthe shocks of the draw-bar; While at the same time, each f the4 frictionblocks, by reason of their cyanid hardened friction face layers insliding frictional engagement with the malleable iron friction shell,produce a very high frictional resistance without appreciable wear ofeither thefriction In my invention the hardened friction face of thefric- -tion block sliding against the soft interior friction face ofthemalleable iron shell is and remains under use vextremely smooth andhighly polished, and the friction face of the malleable iron shell, byreason of its relative softness, accuratelyadapts and conforms itself tothe smooth, polished friction face of the block, so that in the slidingof the block on the shell under heavy pressure, the force is largelyabsorbed or consumed in the production :of heat and is but very slightlyexerted in or represented by work d one in wearing away the metal ofeither the shoe or shell. The'heat produced at each cushioning movementis very quickly absorbed and dissipated by the relatively large mass ofmetal in the friction shell and friction blocks and connected -partsbetween successive cushioning movements of the vdraft rigging whichordinarily are not Very frequent. The frictional action of my hardenedfriction face cast steel blocks on the malleable iron shell is thussomewhat 1n the nature of the action of a hardened steel and highlypolished spinning tool upon and against copper or other soft metal in ametal spinning operation, which, as is well known, produces much heatbut no appreciable abrading or wearing away of metal, either that of thehardened steel spinning tool or that of the copper, brass or otherrelatively soft metal being spun. To secure veffective cooperativeaction of the anti-fric tion rollers in producing certain and reliablerelease action of the friction draft rigging, it 1s important that theroller bea-ring or wedge faces of the friction blocks and also of thewedge-be of hardened steel, as

inseam otherwise the tangential contact-of the antifriction rollers withu these wedgefaces would be liable,v under the vheavy blows-of fthedraw-bar., to tend to embed the rollers in the friction blocks orlwedge. (the .interior bodyportions of which are of relatively soft caststeel to venable them to withstand 1 the compressed spring.

Iclaim: l.' In a friction draft rigging`,the combinationwiththe'dra\v'bar, spring and followers, of a longitudinally movablemalleable iron friction shell and cast steel'fricti'on blocks Within theshell having cyanid hardened friction surfaces frictionally engagingsaid friction shell, the interengaging friction surfaces of said blocksand shell c0- operating vto lproduce both high 'frictional yresistanceto movement and also durability against wear, substantiallyasspecified.v

2. In a friction draft rigging, the combination with the draw-bar,spring and fol-il lowers, of a longitudinally movable malleable ironfriction shell and cast 'steel lz'rictiony blocks -within vthe shellhaving cyanid hardened friction surfaces frictionallyA engaging saidfriction'shell, said frictionblocks'hav- --ing 'each aninclined cyanidhardened -anti "friction roller bearing face, the interengag-- vlngfriction surfaces ofisaid blocks and shell coperating to produce both.high frictional resistance to movement and also durability against wear,substantially as specified.

3. In a friction 4draft rigging, the combiv nation with the draw-bar,spring and fofl lowers, of a loi'igitudinallyv movable mallea- 'ble ironfriction shell and cast steellfriction blocks within the shell havingcyanid hardened friction surfaces frictionally engaging said frictionshell',the interengagin'g friction surfaces ofsaid blocks and shellcoperating to produce both high frictional resistance to movement andalso ,durability against wear,

said 'friction blocks having each an inclined cyanid hardenedanti-friction roller bearing face, and ahardened steel anti-frictionrollen having a rolling action upon said roller .bearing face of one ofsaid blocks, substantially as specified.

4. In a vfriction spring draft-rigging, the combination withv thedraw-bar, followers and spring, of a longitudinally vmovablemalleableiron friction shell, cast steel friction blocks. within said shell havfing cyanid hardened exterior friction faces contacting with said shell,and provided veach with an inclined or wedging cyanid 'hardened rollerbearing face, a cast steell wedge betweenf said friction Ablocks havingeyanid hardened inclined roller bearing j faces, and anti-frictionrollers between said Wedge and friction blocks, theinterengag ingfriction surfaces of said blocks and shell coperating to produce bothhigh frictional resistance to movement and also durability against wear,substantiallyas specified.

CHARLES J. NASH.

"Witnesses:` y

H. MUNDAY, PEARL ABRAMS.

Gomes o2 this" patent may 'be nbtaineflfor ve cents each, byaddressingjthe Gomniissioner of Patents,

- l Washingtonb. 0.. v n N

